hold

hold
A n
1 (grasp, grip) prise f ; to get hold of attraper [rope, handle] ; to keep (a) hold of ou on tenir [ball, rail, hand] ; ⇒ catch, grab, grasp, seize, take ;
2 (possession) to get hold of se procurer [book, ticket, document] ; [press] avoir vent de [story] ; découvrir [details, information] ;
3 (contact) to get hold of (by phone) joindre [person] ; (by other means) trouver [person] ;
4 (control) emprise f (on, over sur) ; to have a hold on ou over sb avoir de l'emprise sur qn ; to get a hold of oneself se reprendre ;
5 (storage, area) Aviat soute f ; Naut cale f ;
6 Sport (in wrestling) prise f ; to have sb in a hold faire une prise à qn ;
7 (of hairspray, gel) fixation f ; normal/extra hold fixation normale/extra-forte.
B vtr (prét, pp held)
1 (clasp) tenir [object, hand, person] (above, over au-dessus de ; against contre) ; to hold sth in one's hand tenir qch à la main [brush, pencil, stick] ; (enclosed) tenir qch dans la main [button, coin, sweet] ; to hold sth/sb by tenir qch/qn par [handle, stem, sleeve, leg] ; to hold one's stomach/head (in pain) se tenir l'estomac/la tête (à cause de la douleur) ; to hold sb (in one's arms) serrer qn dans ses bras ; to hold each other se serrer l'un contre l'autre ; can you hold my bag for me? tu peux me tenir mon sac? ;
2 (maintain) to hold one's head upright/still tenir sa tête droite/immobile ; to hold one's hands apart/still tenir ses mains écartées/immobiles ; to hold a pose/smile garder une pose/un sourire ; to hold sth in place ou position maintenir qch en place ; to hold one's speed maintenir sa vitesse ;
3 (arrange) organiser, tenir [meeting, talks] ; organiser [competition, ballot, demonstration, course, election] ; organiser, donner [party, reception] ; organiser, monter [exhibition, show] ; avoir [conversation] ; célébrer [church service] ; mener [enquiry] ; faire passer [interview] ; to be held avoir lieu ;
4 (have capacity for) [box, case, tank] (pouvoir) contenir [objects, amount] ; [theatre, room] avoir une capacité de [350 people] ; the bus holds ten (people) le bus a dix places ; to (be able to) hold one's drink ou liquor tenir l'alcool ;
5 (contain) [drawer, cupboard, box, case] contenir [objects, possessions] ;
6 (support) [shelf, fridge, branch, roof] supporter [weight, load, crate] ; the branch won't hold you la branche ne supportera pas ton poids ;
7 (restrain) [dam, wall] retenir, contenir [water, flood waters] ; [person] tenir [dog] ; maîtriser [thief] ; there is/there'll be no holding him fig on ne peut/pourra plus l'arrêter ;
8 (keep against will) [police, kidnappers] détenir [person] ; to hold sb prisoner/hostage garder qn prisonnier/en otage ;
9 (possess) détenir, avoir [shares, power, record, playing card] ; être titulaire de [degree, sporting title, cup] ; occuper [job, position] ; avoir, être en possession de [ticket, passport, licence] ; porter [title] ; Jur, gen [bank, computer, police, solicitor] conserver [document, information, money] ; avoir [mortgage] ;
10 (keep back) garder [place, seat, ticket] ; faire attendre [train, flight] ; mettre [qch] en attente [letter, order] ; hold it ! minute ! ; hold everything! arrête tout! ; two burgers, but hold the mustard! deux hamburgers, sans moutarde ;
11 (believe) avoir [opinion, belief] ; to hold sb/sth to be tenir qn/qch pour, considérer qn/qch comme ; to hold that [person] soutenir que ; [law, theory] dire que ; to hold sb liable ou responsible tenir qn pour responsable ;
12 (defend successfully) Mil tenir [territory, city, bridge] ; Pol, Sport conserver [title, seat, lead, position] ; (in tennis) to hold one's serve ou service gagner or remporter son service ; to hold one's own [person] se défendre tout seul (against contre) ; [army] tenir bon (against devant) ;
13 (captivate) captiver [person, audience, class] ; capter, retenir [attention, interest] ;
14 Telecom to hold the line patienter, rester en ligne ; can you hold the line please ne quittez pas s'il vous plaît ;
15 Mus tenir [note] (for pendant) ;
16 Aut to hold the road tenir la route.
C vi (prét, pp held)
1 (remain intact) [rope, shelf, bridge, dam, glue] tenir ; fig (also hold good) [theory, offer, objection, law] tenir ;
2 (continue) [weather] rester beau/belle, se maintenir ; [luck] continuer, durer ;
3 Telecom patienter ;
4 (remain steady) hold still! tiens-toi tranquille!
D v refl (prét, pp held) to hold oneself upright/well se tenir droit/bien.
E on hold adv phr
1 Telecom en attente ; to put sb on hold Telecom faire patienter qn ; to put a call on hold Telecom mettre un appel en attente ;
2 to put one's plan/a project on hold gen laisser ses projets/un projet en suspens.
Phrasal verbs
hold against : to hold sth against sb reprocher qch à qn ; to hold it against sb that en vouloir à qn parce que ; I don't hold it against him/them je ne lui/leur en veux pas ; your age could be held against you ton âge pourrait jouer en ta défaveur.
hold back :
hold back se retenir ; to hold back from doing se retenir de faire, préférer ne pas faire ;
hold [sb/sth] back, hold back [sb/sth]
1 (restrain) contenir [water, tide, crowd, animals] ; retenir [hair, tears] ; retenir [person] ; refouler [feelings] ; contenir [anger] ; to hold back one's laughter se retenir or s'empêcher de rire ;
2 (prevent progress of) (involuntarily) [person] retarder [person, group] ; (deliberately) [person] retenir [person] ; [background, poor education] gêner [person] ; entraver [production, progress, development] ;
3 (withhold) [person, government, organization] cacher [information, result] ; (to protect privacy) tenir [qch] secret, ne pas divulguer [name, information, identity] ; [person, company] différer [payment].
hold down :
hold [sb/sth] down, hold down [sb/sth]
1 (prevent from moving) maintenir [qch] en place [tent, carpet, piece of paper] ; tenir, maîtriser [person] ;
2 (press down) appuyer sur [pedal, key] ;
3 (keep at certain level) limiter [number, rate, expenditure, costs, inflation] ; limiter l'augmentation de [wages, taxes, prices] ;
4 (keep) (not lose) garder [job] ; (have) avoir [job].
hold forth péj disserter, pérorer pej (about, on sur).
hold in :
hold [sth] in, hold in [sth]
1 (restrain) réprimer, contenir [feeling, anger, disappointment] ;
2 (pull in) rentrer [stomach, buttocks].
hold off :
hold off [enemy] accorder un répit ; [creditors] accorder un délai ; I hope the rain holds off j'espère qu'il ne pleuvra pas ; the rain held off until after the match il s'est mis à pleuvoir après le match ; to hold off buying/making a decision reporter l'achat/la décision à plus tard ; he held off leaving until the weekend il a reporté son départ au week-end ;
hold [sb] off, hold off [sb] tenir [qn] à distance [enemy, creditor, journalists] ; faire patienter [client] ;
hold [sth] off repousser [attack].
hold on :
hold on
1 (wait) gen attendre ; Telecom patienter ; ‘hold on, I'll just get him’ (on telephone) ‘ne quittez pas, je vais le chercher’ ;
2 (grip) tenir (with de, avec) ; ‘hold on (tight)!’ ‘tiens-toi (bien)!’ ;
3 (endure) [person, company] tenir ;
hold [sth] on [screw, glue] maintenir [qch] en place ; to be held on with sth [door, handle, wheel] être maintenu par qch.
hold on to :
hold on to [sb/sth]
1 (grip) s'agripper à [branch, railing, rope] ; s'agripper à, se tenir à [person] ; (to prevent from falling) agripper, retenir [person] ; serrer [object, purse] ; (bien) tenir [dog] ;
2 (retain) conserver [power, title, lead] ; garder [shares, car] ; to hold on to one's dreams fig s'accrocher à ses rêves ; to hold on to one's ou the belief that persister à croire que ;
3 (look after) garder [object] (for pour).
hold out :
hold out
1 (endure) tenir le coup, tenir bon ; to hold out against tenir bon devant [enemy, changes, threat] ;
2 (remain available) [supplies, food, stocks] durer ;
hold [sth] out, holdout [sth] tendre [glass, money, ticket] (to à) ; to hold out one's hand/leg tendre la main/la jambe ;
hold out [sth] garder, conserver [hope] ; I don't hold out much hope je ne me fais guère d'illusions, je n'ai plus beaucoup d'espoir ; they don't hold out much hope of finding him ils ont perdu presque tout espoir de le retrouver ; to hold out for insister pour obtenir [pay rise, increase] ; to hold out on sb cacher des choses à qn ; they know something, but they're holding out on us ils sont au courant mais ils nous cachent quelque chose.
hold over :
hold [sth] over, hold over [sth]
1 (postpone) ajourner [question, programme] ;
2 (continue to show) maintenir [qch] à l'affiche [film] ; prolonger [show, exhibition].
hold to :
hold to [sth] s'en tenir à [belief, opinion, decision] ;
hold sb to [sth] faire tenir [qch] à qn [promise] ; faire honorer [qch] à qn [contract, offer] ; I'll hold you to that! je note!, je m'en souviendrai!
hold together :
hold together
1 (not break) [car, shoes, chair] tenir ;
2 (remain united) [family, party] rester uni ; [alliance] rester intact ;
hold [sth] together
1 (keep intact) faire tenir [car, machine, chair] ; maintenir ensemble [papers, pieces] ; to be held together with sth tenir avec qch ;
2 (unite) assurer la cohésion de [company, party, government] ; my mother held the family together la famille est restée unie grâce à ma mère.
hold up :
hold up
1 (remain intact) tenir, résister ; to hold up well [currency] résister ;
2 (remain valid) [theory, argument] tenir ;
hold [sb/sth] up, hold up [sb/sth]
1 (support) soutenir [shelf, picture] ; tenir [trousers, stockings] ; to be held up by ou with sth tenir avec qch ;
2 (raise) lever [object] ; to hold one's hand up lever la main ;
3 (display) to hold sb/sth up as an example ou model of présenter qn/ qch comme un exemple de ; to hold sb up to ridicule tourner qn en ridicule, ridiculiser qn ;
4 (delay) retarder [person, flight] ; ralentir [production, traffic] ; arrêter, interrompre [procession] ;
5 (rob) attaquer [train, bank, person].
hold with : not to hold with ne pas être d'accord avec [idea, system] ; être contre [television, imitations etc] ; he doesn't hold with teaching children French il est contre le fait qu'on enseigne le français aux enfants.

Big English-French dictionary. 2003.

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